The U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) has released an article outlining what it has identified as the risks associated with internet-connected devices, commonly referred to as the Internet of Things (IoT). In the article, the FBI warns that cyber threat actors can use unsecured IoT devices as proxies to anonymously pursue malicious cyber activities.
The article is here in its entirety, but the key element is that IoT devices need to be evaluated for risk that they will act as a vector for attack into a network.
The FB lists as examples of targeted IoT devices: routers, wireless radios links, time clocks, audio/video streaming devices, Raspberry Pis, IP cameras, DVRs, satellite antenna equipment, smart garage door openers, and network attached storage devices.
IoT proxy servers, the article states, are attractive to malicious cyber actors because they provide a layer of anonymity by transmitting all Internet requests through the victim device’s IP address. Devices in developed nations are particularly attractive targets because they allow access to many business websites that block traffic from suspicious or foreign IP addresses. Cyber actors use the compromised device’s IP address to engage in intrusion activities, making it difficult to filter regular traffic from malicious traffic.
The FBI says that these bad actors, or cyber actors, are using compromised IoT devices as proxies to:
Cyber actors typically compromise devices with weak authentication, unpatched firmware or other software vulnerabilities, or employ brute force attacks on devices with default usernames and passwords.
Some of the key indicators that an IoT network or device has been compromised include: